You might have great speed test numbers and low ping, but if you're experiencing packet loss, your connection still feels broken. Video calls freeze, game actions don't register, and downloads randomly fail.
What Is Packet Loss?
When you use the internet, your data is broken into small chunks called packets. Packet loss occurs when some of those packets never arrive — they get dropped somewhere along the way.
- 1–2% packet loss: Most people won't notice in casual browsing, but it shows up in real-time applications.
- 3–5% packet loss: Video calls stutter and drop. Gaming becomes frustrating.
- 5%+ packet loss: Your connection is essentially broken for anything beyond basic web browsing.
How to Diagnose Packet Loss
Use the Command Line
On Windows, open Command Prompt and run: ping -t 8.8.8.8. Let it run for 30–60 seconds, then press Ctrl+C. Look for "Request timed out" messages or check the final statistics for "Lost" packets.
Trace the Path
Use traceroute to see where packets are being dropped: tracert 8.8.8.8 (Windows) or traceroute 8.8.8.8 (Mac/Linux). If you see asterisks at specific hops, that's where packets are being lost.
Common Causes of Packet Loss
- Network Congestion — When your router or ISP's network is overloaded.
- Wi-Fi Interference — Physical obstructions, neighboring networks, and electronic interference.
- Faulty Hardware — A failing router, damaged Ethernet cable, or bad network card.
- ISP Issues — Problems outside your home that you can't fix yourself.
How to Fix Packet Loss
- Switch to Wired — This immediately rules out wireless interference.
- Restart Your Network Equipment — Power cycle your modem and router.
- Check Your Cables — Inspect every Ethernet cable for damage.
- Update Router Firmware — Outdated firmware can have bugs that cause packet handling issues.
- Check for Bufferbloat — Enable SQM on your router if it supports it.
- Disable Power Saving — Disable power saving on your network adapter.
- Contact Your ISP — Present them with your diagnostic data.